TimeAndSpace.Science

Subsolar point

What is the subsolar point?

It is the one place on Earth where the Sun is straight overhead right now — where a flagpole casts no shadow. It is the yellow dot on the day/night map, and it is where the Sun-centre to Earth-centre line hits the surface.

Sunlight, arriving parallelNSsun overhead hereTropic of CancerEquatorTropic of Capricorn
Sunlight arrives in parallel lines because the Sun is so far away. One of those lines is special: centre to centre. It meets Earth at a single point.

A lap a day, a bounce a year

Earth turns. The overhead point therefore races west, once around the planet each day, at the speed of the ground under it — about 1,670 km/h at the equator.

It also drifts north and south with the seasons, because of the tilt. In June it reaches the Tropic of Cancer. In December it reaches the Tropic of Capricorn. It never leaves that band.

Get more on this

How this page finds it

The map does not look up a table of “where the Sun is.” It solves a low-precision solar series (the same one used for sunrise on this site): the Sun’s apparent ecliptic longitude, the obliquity, then declination and right ascension. Declination is the latitude of the subsolar point. Greenwich sidereal time turns right ascension into longitude.

That is why the yellow dot and the side-view hit are the same number. One series, two pictures.

See it live

On the hub: Day and night map

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